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MIC2841A high efficiency 4 channel linear wled driver with dam? and ultra fast pwm? control ultra fast pwm, dam and dynamic average ma tching are trademarks of micrel, inc. mlf and micro leadframe are registered trademark amkor technology inc. micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 ( 408 ) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micrel.com june 2009 m9999-062909-c general description the MIC2841A is a high efficiency white led (wled) driver designed to drive up to four wleds, greatly extending battery life for portable display backlighting, keypad backlighting and camera flash in mobile devices. the MIC2841A provides the highest possible efficiency as this architecture has no switching losses present in traditional charge pumps or inductive boost circuits. the MIC2841A provides four linear driver channels which maintain constant current for up to four wleds. it features a typical dropout of 40mv at 20ma. this allows the wleds to be driven directly from the battery eliminating switching noise/losses present with the use of boost circuitry. the MIC2841A features dynamic average matching? (dam?) which is specifically designed to provide optimum matching across all wleds. the four channels are matched better than 1.5% typical, ensuring uniform display illumination under all conditions. the brightness is controlled through an ultra fast pwm? interface operating down to less than 1% duty cycle. the MIC2841A is available in the 2mm x 2mm 10-pin thin mlf ? leadless package with a junction temperature range of -40 c to +125 c. datasheets and support documentation can be found on micrel?s web site at: www.micrel.com. features ? high efficiency (no voltage boost losses) ? dynamic average matching? (dam?) ? ultra fast pwm? control (200hz to 500khz) ? input voltage range: 3.0v to 5.5v ? dropout of 40mv at 20ma ? matching better than 1.5% (typical) ? current accuracy better than 1.5% (typical) ? maintains proper regulation regardless of how many channels are utilized ? available in a 10-pin 2mm x 2mm thin mlf ? package applications ? mobile handsets ? handset lcd backlighting ? handset keypad backlighting ? flash driver ? digital cameras ? portable media/mp3 players ? portable navigation devices (gps) ? portable applications ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ typical application r set v in c1 low dropout linear driver pwm control v in u1 mic2841 a ymt end gnd r set v in c1 low dropout linear driver pwm control u1 MIC2841Aymt end lcd display backlight with four wleds high current flash driver
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 2 m9999-062909-c ordering information part number mark code (1) temperature range package (2) MIC2841Aymt q1y ?40c to +125c 10-pin 2mm x 2mm thin mlf ? note: 1. thin mlf ? = pin 1 identifier. 2. thin mlf ? is a green rohs compliant package. lead fini sh is nipdau. mold compound is halogen free. pin configuration n/c n/c 5 1 vin end rset gnd 10 d1 d2 d3 d4 9 8 7 2 3 4 6 10-pin 2mm x 2mm thin mlf ? (mt) (top view) pin description pin number pin name pin function 1 vin voltage input. connect at least 1f ceramic capacitor between vin and gnd. 2 end enable led drivers. this pin can be used as a pwm input for dimming of wleds. do not leave floating. 3 rset an internal 1.27v reference sets the nominal maximum wled current. example, apply a 20.5k ? resistor between rset and gnd to set led current to 20ma at 100% duty cycle. 4 gnd ground. 5 nc no connect. this pin is not connected internally. 6 nc no connect. this pin is not connected internally. 7 d4 led4 driver. connect led anode to vin and cathode to this pin. 8 d3 led3 driver. connect led anode to vin and cathode to this pin. 9 d2 led2 driver. connect led anode to vin and cathode to this pin. 10 d1 led1 driver. connect led anode to vin and cathode to this pin. epad hs pad heat sink pad. not intern ally connected. connect to ground.
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 3 m9999-062909-c absolute maximum ratings (1) main input voltage (v in ) .................................. ?0.3v to +6v enable input voltage (v end ) ............................ ?0.3v to +6v led driver voltage (v d1-d4 ) ............................ ?0.3v to +6v power dissipation .....................................in ternally limited lead temperature (solde ring, 10sec .)....................... 260c storage temperature (t s ) .........................?65c to +150c esd rating (3) ................................................. esd sensitive operating ratings (2) supply voltage (v in )..................................... +3.0v to +5.5v enable input voltage (v end ) .................................. 0v to v in led driver voltage (v d1-d4 ) ................................... 0v to v in junction temperature (t j ) ........................ ?40c to +125c junction thermal resistance 2mm x 2mm thin mlf ? ( ja ).............................90c/w electrical characteristics v in = v end = 3.8v, r set = 20.5k ? ; v d1-d4 = 0.6v; t j = 25 c, bold values indicate ?40 c t j 125 c; unless noted. parameter conditions min typ max units current accuracy (4) 1.5 % matching (5) 1.5 3.6 % drop-out where i led = 90% of led current seen at v dropnom = 0.6v, 100% brightness level 40 80 mv ground/supply bias current i led = 20ma 1.4 1.8 ma shutdown current (current source leakage) v end = 0v 0.01 1 a pwm dimming logic low 0.2 v enable input voltage (v end ) logic high 1.2 v enable input current v ih > 1.2v 0.01 1 a current source delay (50% levels) shutdown to on standby to on on to standby 40 2 0.3 80 s s s current source transient time (10%-90%) t rise t fall 1 0.3 s s stand-by to shutdown time v end = 0v 10 24 40 ms notes: 1. exceeding the absolute maxi mum rating may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k ? in series with 100pf. 4. as determined by average current of all channels in use and all channels loaded. 5. the current through each led meets the stated limits from the average current of all leds.
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 4 m9999-062909-c typical characteristics
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 5 m9999-062909-c functional characteristics
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 6 m9999-062909-c functional diagram figure 1. MIC2841A functional block diagram vdd vdd bg d1...d4 dig ctrl & pwm osc por tsd 1.27v v -to-i end rse t 4 gnd
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 7 m9999-062909-c functional description the MIC2841A is a four channel linear wled driver. the wled driver is designed to maintain proper current regulation with led current accuracy of 1.5%, and typical matching of 1.5% ac ross the four channels. the wleds are driven independently from the input supply and will maintain regulation with a dropout of 40mv at 20ma. the low dropout allows the wleds to be driven directly from the battery voltage and eliminates the need for large and inefficient charge pumps. the maximum wled current for each channel is set by the external r set resistor. dimming is controlled by applying a pwm signal to the end pin. the MIC2841A accommodates a wide pwm frequency range as outlined in the application information section. block diagram as shown in figure 1, the MIC2841A consists of four current mirrors set to copy a master current determined by the r set resistor. the linear drivers have a designated control block for enabling and dimming the wleds. v in the input supply (v in ) provides power to the linear drivers and the control circuitry. the v in operating range is 3v to 5.5v. a bypass capacitor of 1f should be placed close to the input (vin) pin and the ground (gnd) pin. refer to the layout recommendations section for details on placing the input capacitor (c1). end the end pin is equivalent to the enable pin for the linear drivers on the MIC2841A. it can also be used for dimming using a pwm signal. see the pwm dimming interface in the applicati on information section for details. pulling the end low fo r more than 24ms puts the MIC2841A into a low iq sleep mode. the end pin cannot be left floating; a floating enable pin may cause an indeterminate state on the outputs. a 200k ? pull down resistor is recommended. r set the peak current of the linear drivers is set by connecting a resistor from the r set pin to ground. the average led current can be calculated by equation (1) below: i led (ma) = 410 * d / r set (k ? ) (1) d is the duty cycle of the led current during pwm dimming. when the device is fully on the duty cycle equals 100% (d = 1). a plot of i led versus r set is shown in figure 2. figure 2. peak led current vs. r set d1-d4 the d1 through d4 pins are the linear driver inputs for wled 1 through 4, respectively. connect the anodes of the wleds to v in and each cathode of the wleds to d1 through d4. when operating with less than four wleds, leave the unused d pins unconnected. the linear drivers are extremely versatile in that they may be used in any combination for example d1 thru d4 leaving d3 unconnected, or paralleled for higher current applications. gnd the ground pin is the ground path for the linear drivers. the current loop for the ground should be as small as possible. the ground of the input capacitor should be routed with low impedance traces to the gnd pin and made as short as possible. refer to the layout recommendations for more details.
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 8 m9999-062909-c application information dynamic average matching (dam?) the dynamic average matching? architecture multiplexes four voltage references to provide highly accurate led current and channel matching. the MIC2841A achieves industry leading led channel matching of 1.5% across the entire dimming range. ultra fast pwm? dimming interface the MIC2841A supports a wide range of pwm control signal frequencies from 200hz to 500khz. this extremely wide range of control provides ultimate flexibility for handheld applications using high frequency pwm control signals. wled dimming is achieved by pulse width modulating the linear drivers which are controlled by a pwm signal to the end pin. for pwm frequencies between 200hz ? 20khz the MIC2841A supports a duty cycle range from 1% to 100%, see figure3. t he MIC2841A incorporates an internal shutdown delay to ensure that the internal control circuitry remains active during pwm dimming. this feature prevents t he possibility of backlight flickering when using low frequency pwm control signals. the MIC2841A also supports ultra fast pwm? frequencies from 20khz to 500khz. due to input signal propagation delay, pwm frequencies above 20khz have a non-linear relationship between the duty cycle and the average led current, see figures 4 and 5. figures 6 through 10 show the wled current response when a pwm signal is applied to the end pin (1) . (1) from the low iq sleep mode pwm frequencies above 15khz may require a logic high enable signal for 80 s to first enable the MIC2841A prior to pwm dimming. figure 3. average current per led dimming by changing pwm duty cycle for pwm frequencies up to 20khz figure 4. channel current response to pwm control signal frequencies from 50khz to 500khz figure 5. minimum duty cycle for varying pwm frequency
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 9 m9999-062909-c figure 6. pwm signal at 1% duty cycle (i avg = 0.2ma) figure 7. pwm signal at 20% duty cycle (i avg = 4ma) figure 8. pwm signal at 50% duty cycle (i avg = 10ma) figure 9. pwm signal at 80% duty cycle (i avg = 16ma) figure 10. pwm signal at 100% duty cycle (i avg = 20ma)
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 10 m9999-062909-c high current parallel operation r set v in c1 low dropout linear driver pwm control u1 MIC2841Aymt end figure 11. high current led driver circuit the linear drivers are independent of each other and can be used individually or paralleled in any combination for higher current applications. a single wled can be driven with all 4 linear drivers by connecting d1 through d4 in parallel to the cathode of the wled as shown in figure 11. this will generate a current 4 times the individual channel current and can be used for higher current wleds such as those used in flash or torch applications. the current is set by the r set resistor, and can be calculated by the following equation. i led (ma) = 4 * 410 * d / r set (k ? ). d is the duty cycle of the led current during pwm dimming. when the device is fully on the duty cycle equals 100% (d = 1). figure 12 shows the response time of the four paralleled linear drivers configured for 800ma to the enable signal, while figure 13 shows the turn off response. with a r set resistor of 1.65k ? , each linear driver is set to 250ma, with all 4 linear drivers connected in parallel, the MIC2841A is capable of driving a total current of 1.0a. figure 12. current response to a rising enable signal (four paralleled channels) figure 13. current response to a falling enable signal (four paralleled channels) input capacitor the MIC2841A is a high-performance, high bandwidth device. stability can be maintained using a ceramic input capacitor of 1f. low-esr ceramic capacitors provide optimal performance at a minimum amount of space. x5r or x7r dielectrics are recommended for the input capacitor. y5v dielectrics lose most of their capacitance over temperature and are therefore, not recommended.
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 11 m9999-062909-c typical application bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty. c1608x5r0j105k tdk (1) 06036d105kat2a avx (2) grm188r60j105ke19d murata (3) c1 vj0603g225kxyat vishay (4) ceramic capacitor, 1f, 6.3v, x5r, size 0603 1 swts1007 seoul semiconductor (5) d1 ? d4 99-116unc everlight (6) wled 4 r1 crcw060320k5f5ea vishay (4) resistor, 20.5k, 1%, 1/16w, size 0603 1 r2 crcw06032003fkea vishay (4) resistor, 200k, 1%, 1/16w, size 0603 1 u1 MIC2841Aymt micrel, inc. (7) high efficiency 4 channel linear wled driver with dam? and ultra fast pwm? control 1 notes: 1. tdk: www.tdk.com 2. avx: www.avx.com 3. murata: www.murata.com 4. vishay: www.vishay.com 5. seoul semiconductor: www.seoulsemicon.com 6. everlight: www.everlight.com 7. micrel, inc.: www.micrel.com vin c1 1f/6.3v u1 mic2841 a y mt 1 pwm control vin end rse t gnd nc d1 d2 d3 d4 nc 2 3 4 5 10 9 8 7 6 r1 20.5k r2 200k d1 led d2 led d3 led d4 led vin
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 12 m9999-062909-c pcb layout recommendations top layer bottom layer
micrel inc. MIC2841A june 2009 13 m9999-062909-c package information 10-pin (2mm x 2mm) thin mlf ? (mt) micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fax +1 (408) 474-1000 web http://www.micrel.com the information furnished by micrel in this data sheet is belie ved to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is a ssumed by micrel for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. micrel products are not designed or authori zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in pers onal injury. life support devices or system s are devices or systems that (a) are in tended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significan t injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel produc ts for use in life support app liances, devices or systems is a purchaser?s own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2009 micrel , incor p orated.

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